India

Republic of India भारत गणराज्य Bhārat Gaṇarājya
Flag State Emblem
Motto: "Satyameva Jayate" (Sanskrit) "Truth Alone Triumphs"[1]
Anthem: Jana Gana Mana "Thou art the rulers of the minds of all people"[2][3]
National song Vande Mataram "I Bow to Thee, Mother"[a][1][3]
Area controlled by India shown in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled regions shown in light green.
Capital	New Delhi
Largest city	Mumbai 18°58′30″N 72°49′33″E / 18°58′30″N 72°49′33″E / 18.97500; 72.82583
Official languages	Hindi English[4][5]
Recognised regional languages	8th Schedule Assamese Bengali Bodo Dogri Gujarati Hindi Kannada Kashmiri Konkani Maithili Malayalam Manipuri Marathi Nepali Odia Punjabi Sanskrit Santali Sindhi Tamil Telugu Urdu[6]
National language	None[7][8]
Religion	79.8% Hinduism 14.2% Islam 2.3% Christianity 1.7% Sikhism 0.7% Buddhism 0.4% Jainism 0.9% others[9][10]
Demonym	Indian
Government	Federal parliamentary republic[1]
• President	Ram Nath Kovind
• Vice-President	Venkaiah Naidu
• Prime Minister	Narendra Modi
• Chief Justice	Dipak Misra
• Speaker of the Lower House	Sumitra Mahajan
Legislature	Parliament of India
• Upper house	Rajya Sabha
• Lower house	Lok Sabha
Independence from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
• Dominion	15 August 1947
• Republic	26 January 1950
Area
• Total	3,287,263[11] km2 (1,269,219 sq mi)[b] (7th)
• Water (%)	9.6
Population
• 2016 estimate	1,293,057,000[12] (2nd)
• 2011 census	1,210,854,977[13][14] (2nd)
• Density	396.4/km2 (1,026.7/sq mi) (31st)
GDP (PPP)	2016 estimate
• Total	$8.727 trillion[15] (3rd)
• Per capita	$6,664[15] (122nd)
GDP (nominal)	2016 estimate
• Total	$2.384 trillion[15] (7th)
• Per capita	$1,820[15] (141st)
Gini (2009)	33.9[16] medium · 79th
HDI (2014)	0.609[17] medium · 130th
Currency	Indian rupee (₹) (INR)
Time zone	IST (UTC+05:30)
• Summer (DST)	NA (UTCNA)
	DST is not observed
Date format	dd-mm-yyyy
Drives on the	left
Calling code	+91
ISO 3166 code	IN
Internet TLD	.in other TLDs .ভাৰত .ভারত .ભારત .भारत .ਭਾਰਤ .இந்தியா .భారత్ بھارت.

The Republic of India (Hindi: भारत गणराज्य) is a country in Asia. It is at the center of South Asia. India has more than 1.2 billion (1,210,000,000) people, which is the second largest population in the world.^[19] It is the seventh largest country in the world by area and the largest country in South Asia. It is also the most populous democracy in the world.^[20][21][22]

India has seven neighbours: Pakistan in the north-west, China and Nepal in the north, Bhutan and Bangladesh in the north-east, Myanmar in the east and Sri Lanka, an island, in the south.

The capital of India is New Delhi. India is a peninsula, bound by the Indian Ocean in the south, the Arabian Sea on the west and Bay of Bengal in the east. The coastline of India is of about 7,517 km (4,671 mi) long.^[23] India has the third largest military force in the world and is also a nuclear weapon state.^[24]

India's economy became the world's fastest growing in the G20 developing nations in the last quarter of 2014, replacing the People's Republic of China.^[25] India's literacy and wealth are also rising.^[26] According to New World Wealth, India is the seventh richest country in the world with a total individual wealth of $5.6 trillion.^[27][28] However, it still has many social and economic issues like poverty and corruption. India is a founding member of the World Trade Organisation (WTO), and has signed the Kyoto Protocol.

India has the fourth largest number of spoken languages per country in the world, only behind Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, and Nigeria.^[29] People of many different religions live there, including the five most popular world religions: Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Sikhism. The latter three religions came from the Indian subcontinent along with Jainism.