Republic of India
भारत गणराज्य Bhārat Gaṇarājya |
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 Area controlled by India shown in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled regions shown in light green. |
Capital | New Delhi |
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Largest city | Mumbai 18°58′30″N 72°49′33″E / 18°58′30″N 72°49′33″E / 18.97500; 72.82583 |
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Official languages | Hindi English[4][5] |
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Recognised regional languages | |
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National language | None[7][8] |
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Religion | 79.8% Hinduism 14.2% Islam 2.3% Christianity 1.7% Sikhism 0.7% Buddhism 0.4% Jainism 0.9% others[9][10] |
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Demonym | Indian |
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Government | Federal parliamentary republic |
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| Ram Nath Kovind |
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| Venkaiah Naidu |
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| Narendra Modi |
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| Dipak Misra |
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| Sumitra Mahajan |
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Legislature | Parliament of India |
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| Rajya Sabha |
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| Lok Sabha |
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Independence from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland |
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| 15 August 1947 |
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| 26 January 1950 |
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Area |
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• Total | 3,287,263[11] km2 (1,269,219 sq mi)[b] (7th) |
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• Water (%) | 9.6 |
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Population |
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• 2016 estimate | 1,293,057,000[12] (2nd) |
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• 2011 census | 1,210,854,977[13][14] (2nd) |
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• Density | 396.4/km2 (1,026.7/sq mi) (31st) |
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GDP (PPP) | 2016 estimate |
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• Total | $8.727 trillion[15] (3rd) |
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• Per capita | $6,664[15] (122nd) |
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GDP (nominal) | 2016 estimate |
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• Total | $2.384 trillion[15] (7th) |
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• Per capita | $1,820[15] (141st) |
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Gini (2009) | 33.9[16] medium · 79th |
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HDI (2014) | 0.609[17] medium · 130th |
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Currency | Indian rupee (₹) (INR) |
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Time zone | IST (UTC+05:30) |
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| NA (UTCNA) |
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| DST is not observed |
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Date format | dd-mm-yyyy |
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Drives on the | left |
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Calling code | +91 |
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ISO 3166 code | IN |
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Internet TLD | .in other TLDs - .ভাৰত
- .ভারত
- .ભારત
- .भारत
- .ਭਾਰਤ
- .இந்தியா
- .భారత్
- بھارت.
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The Republic of India (Hindi: भारत गणराज्य) is a country in Asia. It is at the center of South Asia. India has more than 1.2 billion (1,210,000,000) people, which is the second largest population in the world.[19] It is the seventh largest country in the world by area and the largest country in South Asia. It is also the most populous democracy in the world.[20][21][22]
India has seven neighbours: Pakistan in the north-west, China and Nepal in the north, Bhutan and Bangladesh in the north-east, Myanmar in the east and Sri Lanka, an island, in the south.
The capital of India is New Delhi. India is a peninsula, bound by the Indian Ocean in the south, the Arabian Sea on the west and Bay of Bengal in the east. The coastline of India is of about 7,517 km (4,671 mi) long.[23] India has the third largest military force in the world and is also a nuclear weapon state.[24]
India's economy became the world's fastest growing in the G20 developing nations in the last quarter of 2014, replacing the People's Republic of China.[25] India's literacy and wealth are also rising.[26] According to New World Wealth, India is the seventh richest country in the world with a total individual wealth of $5.6 trillion.[27][28] However, it still has many social and economic issues like poverty and corruption. India is a founding member of the World Trade Organisation (WTO), and has signed the Kyoto Protocol.
India has the fourth largest number of spoken languages per country in the world, only behind Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, and Nigeria.[29] People of many different religions live there, including the five most popular world religions: Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Sikhism. The latter three religions came from the Indian subcontinent along with Jainism.